切角方柱气动特性数值模拟研究

    Research on Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Beveled Square Cylinders

    • 摘要: 为了研究切角方柱的气动特性, 利用雷诺时均N-S方程和SSTK-ω湍流模型, 对0°~45°风向角下的二维切角方柱进行了CFD模拟, 得到切角率对方柱气动力系数、壁面压强变化、壁面脉动风压等的影响。研究表明: 切角可降低方柱的阻力系数及其脉动值, 降幅与切角率呈正相关, 且风向角越大, 效果越明显; 斯托罗哈数随切角率增大而增大, 风向角越大, 切角率对其影响越显著; 小风向角(α ≤ 15°)时, 切角使升力脉动系数降低, 大风向角(α>15°)时, 切角反而使升力脉动系数升高; 切角对迎风面风压影响较小, 但对背风面和侧风面的风压影响显著, 背风面风压系数随切角率增大而减小, 侧风面风压系数在α ≤ 30°时与切角率呈正相关, 但在α>30°时与切角率呈负相关; 切角能降低背风面脉动风压, 降幅随切角率与风向角增大而增大。小切角率(γ ≤ 0.15)能降低侧风面脉动风压, 大切角率(γ>0.15)则使其增大, 且风向角越大越明显。综合考虑气动性能与风压特性, 认为切角率γ ≤ 0.15, 且γ=0.1为最佳。

       

      Abstract: To research the aerodynamic characteristics of beveled square cylinders, CFD simulations were performed on two-dimensional beveled square cylinders under wind angles of 0°-45°. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations and SSTk-ω turbulence model were employed to analyze the effects of beveling rate on aerodynamic force coefficients, wall pressure distribution, and wall pulsations pressure. The results indicated that beveling reduced the drag coefficient and pulsation of the square cylinder, while the reduction rate is positively correlating with the cutting angle rate, and the larger the wind direction angle is, the more obvious the effect will be. The Strouhal number increased with γ, and the influence of γ on the Strouhal number became more pronounced as α increased. For small wind angles (α ≤ 15°), beveling decreased the lift pulsation coefficient; however, for large wind angles (α>15°), beveling conversely increased the lift pulsation coefficient, with stronger pulsations observed at larger γ. Beveling had a negligible impact on windward-side pressure but significantly affected leeward and side surfaces: the leeward pressure coefficient decreased with γ, and this trend was amplified by α. The side-surface pressure coefficient showed a weak positive correlation with γ when α ≤ 30°, but a significant negative correlation when α>30°. Beveling reduced leeward pressure pulsations, with the reduction effect enhancing as γ and α increase. Small beveling rates (γ ≤ 0.15) reduced side-surface pulsations, while large beveling rates (γ>0.15) increased them—a trend that became more evident with larger α. Considering aerodynamic performance and wind pressure characteristics comprehensively, a beveling rate of γ ≤ 0.15 was recommended, with γ=0.1 identified as the optimal value.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回