石羊河流域不同地面灌溉方式灌水效果评价

    Evaluation on Irrigation Effects of Different Surface Irrigation Methods in the Shiyang River Basin

    • 摘要: 为科学评价石羊河流域不同地面灌溉方式的灌溉效果, 以该区域主栽玉米品种"富农963"为研究对象, 选取产量、结实率、千粒重、水分利用效率等7个指标为关键指标, 采用主成分分析法构建畦灌、常规沟灌、隔沟交替灌3种灌溉方式的灌水效果综合评价体系, 以各评价指标的加权和作为综合主成分指标, 对供试灌溉方案的灌水效果进行评价。结果显示, 构建的灌水效果综合主成分可解释86.26%的灌水效果变异信息, 且数据服从正态分布, 具备良好的代表性与客观性, 可有效用于制种玉米不同灌溉方式的效果评价。在供试灌溉方案中, 制种玉米采用隔沟交替灌溉方式时, 配合全生育期灌水8次(苗期1次、拔节期2次、抽穗期1次、灌浆期2次、乳熟期2次), 灌溉定额为225 mm的灌溉制度, 可获得较优的灌水效果。

       

      Abstract: In order to scientifically evaluate the irrigation effects of different surface irrigation methods in the Shiyang River Basin, it took the main cultivated variety "Funan 963" in this region as the research subject. Seven key indicators, namely yield, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight, and water use efficiency, were selected. The principal component analysis method was employed to establish a comprehensive evaluation system for the irrigation effects of three irrigation methods: border irrigation, conventional furrow irrigation, and alternate furrow irrigation. The weighted sum of each evaluation indicator was regarded as the comprehensive principal component indicator to evaluate the irrigation effects of the tested irrigation schemes. The results indicated that the constructed comprehensive principal component of irrigation effects could account for 86.26% of the variation information of irrigation effects. Moreover, the data conformed to the normal distribution, showing good representativeness and objectivity. It can be effectively utilized to evaluate the effects of different irrigation methods for hybrid seed corn production. Among the tested irrigation schemes, when hybrid seed corn was irrigated by alternate furrow irrigation, combined with 8 irrigations during the whole growth period (1 irrigation at the seedling stage, 2 at the jointing stage, 1 at the heading stage, 2 at the filling stage, and 2 at the milk - ripe stage) and an irrigation quota of 225 mm, optimal irrigation effects could be obtained.

       

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