Abstract: Gansu Province is situated in the arid northwestern region where the development of society and economy have been worried because of lacking water resources.This paper probes into the containing amount,zone distribution,variation characteristics,and the mean processing amount of person and land,the present status of the development and utilization of water resources,and the outstanding problems on supplying and needing for water resources,and the polluting status on water and its developing trend in the future.Some countermeasures and suggestions on the rational utilization of the restricted water resources in the province are also presented in the end.